What is the bystander effect? Give an example.

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What is the bystander effect? Give an example.



It is surprising to consider that the presence of numerous bystanders decreases helping. You would think that if there more people around your chances of getting help when you are in need should be good. Yet the opposite is true.

Please watch this video to learn more about the Bystander Effect. It will talk about the Kitty Genovese case again, and show you footage from research experiments demonstrating the bystander effect.

The key issue, as depicted in figure above, is how you will perceive the situation. The first step in helping is noticing that there's anything wrong in the first place. In a clever study done by Latane & Darley in 1968, they put participants in a room and started adding smoke leaking in under the door. They measured how long it took people to raise the alarm that there was smoke and potentially a fire. What they found, as depicted in Figure18-3, is that people were less likely to ask for help when there were more people in the room. Why does this happen?

The key is the second step: Interpreting the nature of the situation. Because we are frequently unsure of what is going on we often rely on using others' behaviour to make decisions. If no one else in the room is reacting to the smoke we won't either. Of course they are watching us, and we are not doing anything either ...

Next is the issue of assuming responsibility. If there are a number of people around we can get diffusion of responsibility -- when others are present (e.g., passing a stranded motorist when others are present) we assume that the other person will take charge, and we are free to move along.

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