What are The standard solution to the threats posed by cohort and time-frame effects?

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What are The standard solution to the threats posed by cohort and time-frame effects?



Answer: Use a Hybrid design. The logic of this approach is that the odds of the two different threats producing the same difference in the data is vanishingly small, so if you find the same difference in both types of comparison, you can safely conclude that the difference was caused by the difference in age (and not one of the confounds). Note that there are three specific versions of the hybrid experiment, with fanciest, double hybrid, being worth the extra effort.

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