Provide a one to two sentence definition for each of the following items:

-

Provide a one to two sentence definition for each of the following items:



Primary reinforcer
Secondary reinforcer
Premack Principle
Negative reinforcement
Contingent
Generalization


Primary Reinforcer: Consequence that satisfies a biologically built-in need. They address a basic biological need (food, water, oxygen, etc.).

Secondary Reinforcer: Consequence that becomes reinforcing over time through its association with another reinforcer. They don't satisfy and physiological need but become reinforcing over time through their association with other reinforcers (money, praise, good grades, etc.).

Premack Principle: Phenomenon in which learners do less=preferred activities in order to engage in more preferred activities

Negative Reinforcement: Consequences that brings about the increase of a behavior through the removal (rather than presentation) of a stimulus

Contingent:Situation in which one event happens only after another event has already occurred

Generalization:Phenomenon in which a person learns a response to a particular stimulus and then makes the same response to a similar stimulus' in classical conditioning, involves making a conditioned response to a stimulus similar to a conditioned stimulus.

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

Examine the collapse of Han. What factors explain how this occurred? How influential in Han Dynasty on Chinese History?

-
Examine the collapse of Han. What factors explain how this occurred? How influential in Han Dynasty on Chinese History? Answer: Hsiung Nu (aka Xiongnu) was a threat to the north, Wu had to build the Great Wall to protect empire. Han empire had to give a lot of supplies to Hsiung Nu in order to keep land unharmed. The government allied with wealthy land owners. Peasants had increasing economic pressure, which fueled the Yellow Turban rebellion. Generals stopped recognizing emperor as they became more powerful. Dynasty divided into three kingdoms (Wei, Wu, and Shu). After the Han dynasty, Confucianism became irrelevant, but Daoism and Buddhism were still popular. Han empire invented earthquake devise and anesthesia.
Read more

Summarize effective communication strategies in organizational hierarchies, and review the role and relevance of the organizational grapevine

-
Summarize effective communication strategies in organizational hierarchies, and review the role and relevance of the organizational grapevine Some companies try to encourage communication through workspace design, as well as through Web-based communication channels. some executives also meet directly with employees, such as through management by walking around (MBWA) and town hall meetings, to facilitate communication across the organization. In any organization, employees rely on the grapevine, particularly during times of uncertainty. The grapevine is an unstructured and informal network founded on social relationships rather than organizational charts or job descriptions. Although early research identified several unique features of the grapevine, some of these features may be changing as the Internet plays an increasing role in grapevine communication.
Read more

Examine the age-structure diagrams of Sweden and Kenya below, and answer the following questions. Compare and contrast the two age structure diagrams in terms of two population dynamics - birth rate and death rate.

-
Examine the age-structure diagrams of Sweden and Kenya below, and answer the following questions.   Compare and contrast the two age structure diagrams in terms of two population dynamics - birth rate and death rate. Restatement: Given two age-structure diagram, Sweden and Kenya for 2000, compare and contrast the diagram in terms of population dynamics.  Age structure diagrams are basically divided into three major age categories: 1) Prereproduction (0-15 years old) 2) Reproductive (16-45 years old) 3) Postreproduction (46 years old-death) Birth Rate Sweden  1) Population has nearly equal proportions of pre-reproductive and reproductive individuals. 2) Little growth over a long period of time will produce a population with about equal numbers of people in all age groups. 3) Children not required or necessary to support parents.  4) Availability and acceptance of birth control. Kenya 1) Population had pyramid-shaped age structu...
Read more