What are some causes of and risk factors for (a) atelectasis and (b) pulmonary embolism?

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What are some causes of and risk factors for (a) atelectasis and (b) pulmonary embolism?



Answer:

(a) Atelectasis caused by an obstruction in the bronchial tree; may be mucous plug, foreign object, or bronchogenic cancer. Risk factors include obesity, neuromuscular weakness, and any pulmonary disease.

(b) Pulmonary embolism occurs when a blood clot or other material, such as foreign body or tumor, lodges in and blocks an artery in the pulmonary circulation. Risk factors include chest pain, dyspnea, and shock.

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